The automobile steering pump is driven by the engine to convert the low-pressure oil in the oil tank into high-pressure oil and deliver it to the steering control valve. How much do you know about such important parts? Today, I will introduce you to the car knowledge related to the car steering pump. I hope it can help you.

Automobile steering pump: function introduction

1. The power steering pump is the power source of the hydraulic power steering system. It uses the engine as the transmission medium to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The hydraulic oil output by the steering gear through the oil pump converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, thus reducing the driver's operating intensity and improving the vehicle's maneuverability.

2. Control the internal pressure of the power steering pipeline through the pressure relief valve to ensure the safety of the steering system; 3. The flow of the steering system is controlled through the flow control valve to ensure the driver's steering feel when the vehicle is running at high speed.

Automobile steering pump: classification

In the existing market, power steering systems can be roughly divided into three categories: mechanical hydraulic power steering system, electronic hydraulic power steering system and electric power steering system.

Mechanical hydraulic power steering system

Mechanical hydraulic power steering system is generally composed of hydraulic pump, oil pipe, pressure flow control valve body, V-shaped drive belt, oil tank and other components.

No matter whether the car is steered or not, this system will work. In addition, when the speed of large steering is low, the hydraulic pump needs to output more power to obtain greater power assistance. Therefore, it also wastes resources to a certain extent. It can be recalled that when driving such a car, especially when turning at low speed, the direction was heavy and the engine was laborious. Moreover, due to the high pressure of the hydraulic pump, it is easy to damage the power assist system.

In addition, the mechanical hydraulic power steering system is composed of hydraulic pump, pipeline and oil cylinder. In order to maintain the pressure, the system must always be in working condition regardless of whether power steering is required, and the energy consumption is high, which is also a reason for resource consumption.

In general, most economical cars use mechanical hydraulic power assist system.

Electro hydraulic power steering system

Main components: oil tank, power steering control unit, electric pump, steering gear, power steering sensor, etc. The power steering control unit and electric pump are an integral structure.

Working principle: electro-hydraulic power steering system overcomes the shortcomings of traditional hydraulic power steering system. Its hydraulic pump is no longer directly driven by the engine belt, but an electric pump. All its working states are the most ideal state calculated by the electronic control unit according to the vehicle driving speed, steering angle and other signals. To put it simply, in case of low speed and large steering, the electronic control unit drives the electronic hydraulic pump to output large power at high speed, which saves the driver's effort in steering; When the car is running at high speed, the hydraulic control unit drives the electronic hydraulic pump to run at a lower speed, which will not affect the need for turning at high speed and save part of the engine power.

Electric power steering system (EPS)

The full English name is Electronic Power Steering (EPS), which uses the power generated by the motor to assist drivers in power steering. The composition of EPS is similar to that of different vehicles, although the structural components are different. It is generally composed of torque (steering) sensor, electronic control unit, motor, reducer, mechanical steering gear and battery power supply.

Main working principle: When the car is turning, the torque (steering) sensor will "feel" the torque of the steering wheel and the intended direction of rotation. These signals will be sent to the electronic control unit through the data bus. The electronic control unit will send action instructions to the motor controller according to the data signals such as the transmission torque and the intended direction of rotation, so that the motor will output the corresponding amount of rotational torque according to the specific needs, This results in power assisted steering. If there is no steering, the system will not work and will be in standby state waiting for calling. Because of the working characteristics of electric power steering, you will feel that driving such a car has a better sense of direction and is more stable at high speeds, which is the saying that the direction does not drift. And because it does not work when it does not turn, it also saves energy to some extent. Generally, high-end cars use such power steering systems more often.